Rotary machine



July-23f 1963 EF. SCOGNAMJLLO 3,098,451 Y mmm Filed Nav. 4, 1980 8 lli.mrc-lll w a, f T: E. .M .7 .mi o El., -u .74

ATTORNEY United States Patent O 3,698,451 ROTARY MACHINE FrankScognamillo, alrland, NJ. (118 Walnut St., Ridgewood, NJ.) Filed Nov. 4,1960., Ser. No. 67,256 2 Claims. (Cl. 10S-136) 'Ille invention heredisclosed relates -to machines of .the rotary pump type having bladesslidingly confined in slots in :a rotor operating eccentrically in acylindrical pump chamber.

Objects of this invention are to provide |such a machine in a simpleinexpensive construction in which the blades will `operate freely andsmoothly and will automatically adjust themselves and compensate forwear.

Other special objects of the invention are to relieve inter-nalpressures and prevent development of opposing or counterblalancingforces.

The foregoing and other desirable objects are accomplished by certainnovel lfeatures Iof construction, combinations and relations of parts,all as hereinafter described and claimed.

rIhe drawing accompanying land forming plart of this specificationillustrates a present practical embodiment of the invention. Structurehowever may be modified and changed as regards this particularillustration, all within the true intent and scope of the invention ashereinafter deiined and claimed.

FIG. l in the drawing is an elevation of a pump structure embodying theinvention, with iront cover removed.

FIG. 2 is a ver-tical cross section of the complete structure onsubstantially the plane of line 2-2 of FIG. l.

FIG. 3 is la horizontal sectional View on substantially the plane ofline 3-3 of FIG. l.

FIG. 4 is la perspective View of one of the blade controlling rings.

FIG. 5 is a broken sectional detail showing a modiiied form of the bladecontrolling rings.

FIG. 6 is a similar view of another modiiication.

In the illustration the shaft of the pump or rotary machine is shown at-5 carrying la rotor 6 having radial slots 7 receiving the blades 8operating concentrically in the cylindrical chamber in which the shaftis eccentrically jour-naled.

This chamber is shown as made up of parallel end wlalls 9 and 10connected by .a cylindrical annular wall 11.

The inlet and outlet ports, which may be considered as reversible,according to the direction of turning of the rotor are indicated at 12and 13 opening through the cylindrical wall of the pump chamber atopposite sides ci the rotor.

The end wall is shown as a removable cover inset or shouldered into theend of the circumferential wall m14, .se-cured so by bolts `or screws15.

A special feature of the end walls :is that they are each in la singlesmooth flat plane, free `of shoulders or other projections as shown inFIGS. 2 and 3.

Similarly :the ends of the rotor and the ends of the blades are onsimple ila-t planes, the blades ush with the ends of the rotor land bothblades `and rotor in ilat running engagement or cooperation w-ith theiiat internal surfaces of the end walls.

The end-s of the rotor are formed with annular recesses'y 16 and freeoating rings -17 of lesser diameter are loose-i ly seated in theserecesses, these rings having an internal diameter enough greater toclear the shaft, FIG. 2, and an external diameter suilicient byengagement with the inner ledges of the blades to hold these bladesoutward in free sliding engagement with or with desirable clearance inrespect to Ithe surrounding circumferential wall of the housing.

'Illese blade controlling rings have `free sliding land 3,9%,451Patented July 23, 1963 ICC rotative movement at the ends lof the rotorand so may follow the blades 'and rotor or remain at rest with respectto either or both these elements. They are thus in effect self-adjustingresponding to diierent conditions and serving in tall cases yto hold:the blades radially outward in proper operating relation to the wallsof Ithe cylindrical casing.

As shown in FIG. 1 the loose or free rings 17 tend to maintain aconcentric relationship with the casing at all times, with pressure ondiametrically opposite sides of the rings eqnalized by the blades atopposite sides enabling the blades to automatically adjust themselves tocompensate for any variations in size `of wear of the blades.

To -relieve or prevent any opposing development or buildup of pressureby the blades operating in the crescent shaped spaces 18, FIG. l,between the cuter peripherics of the rings and the :surrounding walls ofthe annular cavities 16, these rings may be grooved in their peripheriesas indicated at 19, FIG. 4. These grooves will form passes communicatingthe enlarging and decreasing spaces created by the rotating blades, thusavoiding any development of opposing pressures.

To overcome any tendency of reciprocating motion 'of the blades in theslots creating lopposing forces .the rings may have openings 20therethrough in communication with the annular grooves 19 which willprevent undesirlable pumping act-ion of the bla-des in their slots.

As an alternative, or in addition, the rotor slots may be opened orrelieved at the ends as indicated lat 21, FIG. 2, to pass iluid `freelyinto and `out of the spaces behind -or in back of the blades.

The invention provides a particularly simple inexpensive compact smallsize and lightweight form of construction which may be operated at highspeed with low power etto-rt because of the elimination of internalopposing forces within the machine. The rings can be made quite smallland light in Weight since these are not subjected yto load duringordinary running of the machine, centrifugal force tending to `keep thebla-des outwlard in cooperative relation with the wall of the casing. Inthe rest position these rings hold the blades outward in their slots inposition to cooperate with the surrounding wall on starting of themachine. The cross sectional shape of the rings may vary. rIlhese may beof circular cross section` thus to provide passes `at the ends of t-heslots in the rotor for relieving or preventing buildup of internalpressure. This circular cross section form of blade controlling rings:is illustrated at 22. in FIG. 5.

FIG. 6 illustrates a further variation in which the rings 23 are ofsubstantially rectangular cross section and in which relief forpreventing or avoiding buildup of opposing pressures within the machineis provided by radial slots 2d in the inner edges of the bladescommunicating the ends of the rotor slots 7 with the ends ofthe rings.

What is claimed is:

l. A rotary machine comprising :a casing having a cylindrical bodyportion and end walls cooperatively forming a cylindrical pump chamber,a shaft journaled eccentrica-Hy in said cylindrical pump chamber, arotor carried by said shaft in eccentric relation to said cylindricalpump chamber, the cylindrical body portion of the casing having inletand outlet ports :at opposite sides of said rotor, said rotor havingradial slots therein, blades slidingly confined in said slots and havingthe ends of the same iiush with the opposite ends of the rotor, saidrotor having concentric annular recesses in the ends of the same aboutthe shaft intercepted by said slots and whereby the inner edges of theblades at opposite ends are exposed in said annular recesses and bladecontrolling rings loosely seated in said .annular recesses in the endsof the rotor, said rings having ian internal diameter greater than andclear of said shatt and lan external diameter suiiicient in engagementwith the blades to hold them radially outward in cooperative relationwith the cylindrical Wall of the casing, the `end Walls yof said casingeach being smooth and flat in a single plane, with said rings, the rotorand the ends of said blades in flush, `free slid-ing engagementtherewith, and said free rings having yannular pressure relieving`grooves in the peripheral portions of the same and forming circularpassages communicating dilerent portions of said annular recesses in theends of the rotor with the ends of the radial slots in which the bladesare slidingly conned and said rings having passages therethrough `frofrnside to iside in communication With the slots in the rotor.

2. A rotary machine comprising a casing having a cylindrical bodyportion and end walls cooperatively forming a cylindrical pump chamber,1a shaft journaled eccentrically in said cylindrical pump chamber, arotor carried by said shaft in eccentric rela-tion to said cylindricalpump chamber, the cylindrical body portion of the casing having inletand ourtlet ponts fat opposite sides of said rotor, said rotor havingradial slots Itherein, blades slidingly confined in said slots andhaving the ends of the same ush with the `opposite ends of the rotor,said rotor having concentric fannular recesses in the rends of the:salme about the shaft intercepted by said slots a-nd whereby the inneredges of the blades lat opposite ends are exposed in said annularrecesses and blade controlling rings loosely seated in said annularrecesses in the ends of the rotor, said rings having an internaldiameter greater ythan and clear of said `sha-ft and an externaldia-meter sufficient in engagement with the blades It-o hold themradially outward in cooperative relation with the cylindrical wall ofthe casing, lthe end Walls of :said easing each being smooth and at infa single plane, Wit-h said rings, the-rotor yand the ends of -saidblades in flush, free sliding engagement therewith, and pressurerelieving passages at the ends of said slots in the rotor communicatingthe opposite ends of said slots with said concentric annular recesses inthe 0pposite ends yof the rotor and yextending peripherally about saidrings and about :the end portions of the blades resting on said ringsfor preventing build up of pressure in said slots and annular recessesfrom pumping action of lthe blades and rings loperating in said slotsand annular recesses, said pressure relieving passages beingcommunieating passages =formed in .said 'rings and rotor.

References Cited in the ile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,366,765 Anderson Jan. 9, 1945 2,493,929 Rittenhouse et al Ilan. 10,1950 2,811,926 Robinson Nov. 5, 1957 FOREIGN PATENTS 87,989 Norway Sept.3, 1956 1,062,137 France Dec. 2, 1953

1. A ROTARY MACHINE COMPRISING A CASING HAVING A CYLINDRICAL BODYPORTION AND END WALLS COOPERATIVELY FORMING A CYLINDRICAL PUMP CHAMBER,A SHAFT JOURNALED ECCENTRICALLY IN SAID CYLINDRICAL PUMP CHAMBER, AROTOR CARRIED BY SHAFT, IN ECCENTRIC RELATION TO SAID CYLINDRICAL PUMPCHAMBER, THE CYLINDRICAL BODY PORTION OF THE CASING HAVING INLET ANDOUTLET PORTS CAT OPPOSITE SIDES OF SAID ROTOR HAVING RADIAL SLOTSTHEREIN, BLADES SLIDINGLY CONFINED IN SAID SLOTS AND HAVING THE ENDS OFTHE SAME FLUSH WITH THE OPPOSITE ENDS OF THE ROTOR, SAID ROTOR HAVINGCONCENTRIC ANNULAR RECESSES IN THE ENDS OF THE SAME ABOUT THE SHAFTINTERCEPTED BY SAID SLOTS AND WHEREBY TH E INNER EDGES OF THE BLADES ATOPPOSITE ENDS ARE EXPOSED IN SAID ANNULAR RECESSES AND BLADE CONTROLLINGRINGS LOOSELY SEATED IN SAID ANNULAR RECESSES IN THE ENDS OF THE ROTOR,SAID RINGS HAVING AN INTERNAL DIAMETER GREATER THAN AND